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    Scientific illustration for Glutathione: The Master Antioxidant Modern Medicine Ignores
    Cellular Biology
    14 MIN READ

    Glutathione: The Master Antioxidant Modern Medicine Ignores

    Glutathione — a tripeptide of glutamic acid, cysteine, and glycine — is the body's most abundant and critically important endogenous antioxidant, directly neutralising reactive oxygen species, recycling vitamins C and E, and serving as the essential cofactor for Phase II liver detoxification, selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase, and the transport of mercury and other heavy metals out of neural tissue. Glutathione depletion — driven by chronic oxidative stress, alcohol consumption, pharmaceutical drug loads, heavy metal burden, nutritional deficiency in sulphur amino acids, and MTHFR genetic polymorphisms — is a universal finding in virtually every chronic degenerative disease, cancer, and autoimmune condition, yet intravenous or liposomal glutathione therapy remains outside NHS practice. Understanding and actively maintaining glutathione status is one of the highest-leverage interventions in preventive biological medicine.

    #glutathione#GSH
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    Scientific illustration for DNA Methylation: How Your Environment Rewrites Your Genes
    Cellular Biology
    15 MIN READ

    DNA Methylation: How Your Environment Rewrites Your Genes

    DNA methylation — the addition of a methyl group to cytosine residues in the genome by DNA methyltransferase enzymes — is the primary epigenetic mechanism by which environmental exposures, nutritional status, and psychological stress rewrite gene expression without altering the DNA sequence itself, with consequences that can persist across multiple generations through transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, and nickel disrupt methylation patterns, silencing tumour suppressor genes and activating oncogenes; BPA and other xenoestrogens alter oestrogen-responsive gene methylation; and chronic folate or B12 deficiency depletes the methyl donor pool required to maintain appropriate methylation homeostasis. The emerging field of epigenetics fundamentally overturns the genetic determinism that has dominated medicine and absolves the pharmaceutical industry of responsibility for the chemical drivers of modern disease.

    #epigenetics#DNA methylation